It is true that home prices have corrected more than any time in the past, and further price declines are likely. However, the methodology used to track home prices is overstating the actual correction. Some examples of reported overstatements thus far are a 36% decline in value in Sacramento, a 31% decline in Port St. Lucie, a 24% decline in Las Vegas, a 24% decline in Orange County, and a 20% decline in Tampa.
The problem is that there has been a tremendous shift in the activity of what is selling, which is impacting even the best price indices, such as Case-Shiller-Weiss. Here is what you need to know:
- Small Sample Sizes: Home buying activity has plummeted, which has significantly reduced the sample size of what is selling. Our research shows that sales volumes have plummeted back to early 1990s levels in many areas of the country. A low sample size reduces the validity of the conclusions.
- Dominance of Foreclosures: Today, the low sample size is dominated by foreclosures and short sales. In Sacramento last month, 65% of the sales volume was a foreclosure or short sale. Our research shows that foreclosure sales are heavily concentrated in certain submarkets, which is generally the poorer inner-city areas and the most outlying areas.
- The Use of Median Prices: Median prices are the best measure to track because the median-priced home is the home where half of the homes sold are more expensive, and half are less expensive. In normal times, this home represents a 20-year-old, 1,600 square foot detached home in a typical suburb. Therefore, in normal times, comparing year-over-year price changes is relatively representative of most homes in the market. However, the median transaction today is more likely to be 1,400-square-foot, less desirable home in the inner city or a new home sold at auction.
- Bigger Price Declines on Distressed Home Sales: The most sophisticated measures like Case-Shiller-Weiss only examine the price changes on the same home, so the mix shift is supposed to be eliminated. However, when more than 50% of the activity is a distressed sale, the median transaction is a home that was sold under duress and in a severely distressed neighborhood. This is not representative of the value of most homes in the metro area.
While the housing market and banking industry are under severe duress, it is important to know that most homeowners have not seen the decline in home value that is being reported in the newspaper. As always, we emphasize that the best decision makers use the most accurate information to make decisions.
This is the most current available data for all variables and markets.
|
Permits Statistics
|
Employment Statistics
|
Affordability
|
||||||||
|
12-
|
12-
|
Total
|
NF Payroll Employment
|
|||||||
|
State
Metro Area |
Month
S. Fam. Permits |
Month
Total Permits |
Permits / Peak Permits
|
1-Yr Growth
|
1-Yr Growth Rate
|
Unemp Rate
|
Median Home Price
|
Housing Costs / Income
|
Housing Cycle Barometer
|
|
| Alabama | ||||||||||
| Anniston-Oxford | 216 | 426 | 90.3% | 300 | 0.6% | 3.4% | $92,510 | 24% | 3.2 | |
| Auburn-Opelika | 1,073 | 1,272 | 57.7% | 1,300 | 2.4% | 3.2% | $140,462 | 35% | 2.3 | |
| Birmingham | 3,996 | 4,949 | 63.4% | 1,600 | 0.3% | 3.1% | $157,764 | 32% | 3.6 | |
| Decatur | 330 | 406 | 43.1% | 900 | 1.5% | 3.4% | $101,093 | 24% | 3.3 | |
| Dothan | 325 | 325 | 43.4% | (700) | (1.1%) | 3.3% | $100,867 | 26% | 4.2 | |
| Florence | 330 | 519 | 66.3% | 1,200 | 2.1% | 3.5% | $97,446 | 22% | 0.2 | |
| Huntsville | 2,806 | 3,966 | 79.4% | 4,700 | 2.2% | 2.5% | $129,963 | 23% | 1.3 | |
| Mobile | 1,758 | 2,729 | 94.8% | 1,500 | 0.8% | 3.5% | $137,706 | 33% | 5.6 | |
| Montgomery | 920 | 1,630 | 62.5% | 1,900 | 1.1% | 3.6% | $146,048 | 31% | 5.2 | |
| Tuscaloosa | 764 | 1,925 | 72.9% | (100) | (0.1%) | 3.0% | $126,277 | 29% | 0.4 | |
| Alaska | ||||||||||
| Anchorage | 353 | 847 | 9.4% | 1,300 | 0.8% | 6.2% | $218,156 | 31% | 5.1 | |
| Arizona | ||||||||||
| Flagstaff | 421 | 431 | 31.7% | (300) | (0.5%) | 3.4% | $241,983 | 45% | 5.7 | |
| Phoenix | 20,259 | 29,278 | 42.3% | (3,100) | (0.2%) | 3.2% | $216,500 | 34% | 5.5 | |
| Prescott | 1,174 | 1,275 | 28.5% | 1,000 | 1.5% | 3.5% | $217,260 | 46% | 5.1 | |
| Tucson | 3,936 | 4,877 | 38.0% | (5,700) | (1.5%) | 3.5% | $200,000 | 38% | 5.4 | |
| Yuma | 911 | 987 | 36.6% | 1,400 | 2.6% | 11.2% | $171,600 | 38% | 5.6 | |
| Arkansas | ||||||||||
| Fayetteville | 1,848 | 3,364 | 44.3% | 1,900 | 0.9% | 3.5% | $120,832 | 22% | 0.0 | |
| Fort Smith | 657 | 948 | 72.1% | 1,100 | 0.9% | 4.3% | $81,795 | 17% | 0.1 | |
| Little Rock | 2,508 | 3,119 | 54.3% | 3,600 | 1.0% | 3.9% | $128,085 | 22% | 2.6 | |
| California | ||||||||||
| Bakersfield | 2,575 | 3,467 | 39.1% | 2,800 | 1.2% | 9.7% | $199,000 | 35% | 5.4 | |
| Chico | 763 | 783 | 39.4% | 1,400 | 1.8% | 7.4% | $241,000 | 45% | 5.5 | |
| El Centro | 323 | 500 | 22.7% | (200) | (0.4%) | 18.4% | $188,000 | 39% | 4.2 | |
| Fresno | 2,733 | 3,710 | 50.0% | 1,700 | 0.6% | 10.0% | $220,000 | 44% | 6.3 | |
| Hanford | 349 | 365 | 27.0% | 500 | 1.4% | 10.2% | $169,250 | 31% | 5.4 | |
| Los Angeles | 5,624 | 16,429 | 23.4% | 2,200 | 0.1% | 5.7% | $450,000 | 71% | 6.5 | |
| Madera | 364 | 371 | 16.4% | 1,000 | 2.9% | 9.6% | $216,000 | 51% | 7.1 | |
| Merced | 567 | 678 | 18.5% | 1,000 | 1.7% | 12.3% | $178,000 | 35% | 4.1 | |
| Modesto | 1,014 | 1,569 | 24.8% | (200) | (0.1%) | 10.7% | $220,000 | 39% | 5.1 | |
| Monterey | 554 | 990 | 35.1% | 2,000 | 1.6% | 7.9% | $370,000 | 54% | 4.0 | |
| Napa | 218 | 274 | 27.3% | (400) | (0.6%) | 4.4% | $485,000 | 64% | 6.4 | |
| Oakland | 3,070 | 6,178 | 26.8% | (5,800) | (0.6%) | 5.3% | $430,000 | 50% | 4.2 | |
| Orange County | 1,896 | 6,434 | 25.8% | (19,700) | (1.3%) | 4.4% | $555,000 | 65% | 6.4 | |
| Redding | 449 | 622 | 26.3% | 800 | 1.2% | 9.2% | $232,500 | 44% | 5.7 | |
| Riverside-San Bernardino | 10,887 | 14,590 | 25.3% | (17,900) | (1.4%) | 6.8% | $270,000 | 41% | 5.4 | |
| Sacramento | 5,115 | 5,977 | 25.1% | 800 | 0.1% | 6.1% | $257,750 | 37% | 3.9 | |
| San Diego | 2,751 | 6,052 | 13.7% | 2,700 | 0.2% | 5.0% | $430,000 | 56% | 5.0 | |
| San Francisco | 888 | 4,514 | 67.0% | 22,700 | 2.3% | 4.2% | $785,000 | 90% | 7.0 | |
| San Jose | 1,520 | 3,384 | 33.7% | 12,100 | 1.3% | 5.2% | $681,000 | 70% | 7.3 | |
| San Luis Obispo | 833 | 1,195 | 33.2% | (600) | (0.6%) | 4.8% | $457,500 | 78% | 6.9 | |
| Santa Barbara | 377 | 443 | 16.2% | 400 | 0.2% | 4.6% | $375,000 | 59% | 5.1 | |
| Santa Cruz | 338 | 836 | 59.2% | 800 | 0.8% | 7.2% | $650,000 | 88% | 7.0 | |
| Santa Rosa | 725 | 1,007 | 17.3% | 800 | 0.4% | 4.9% | $420,000 | 59% | 5.6 | |
| Stockton | 1,454 | 1,700 | 24.1% | 3,400 | 1.6% | 9.6% | $239,000 | 37% | 3.1 | |
| Vallejo-Fairfield | 568 | 645 | 10.3% | (1,900) | (1.5%) | 6.0% | $319,000 | 41% | 5.1 | |
| Ventura | 574 | 1,261 | 16.8% | (4,300) | (1.5%) | 5.2% | $485,000 | 56% | 5.6 | |
| Visalia-Porterville | 1,898 | 2,377 | 66.5% | 500 | 0.4% | 10.3% | $175,000 | 35% | 5.2 | |
| Yuba-Sutter | 472 | 560 | 18.4% | (800) | (1.9%) | 11.8% | $194,750 | 37% | 4.1 | |
| Colorado | ||||||||||
| Boulder | 361 | 652 | 12.7% | 2,700 | 1.6% | 3.6% | $340,000 | 44% | 5.9 | |
| Colorado Springs | 2,356 | 2,676 | 24.3% | 3,100 | 1.2% | 5.1% | $196,750 | 28% | 3.4 | |
| Denver | 6,633 | 12,649 | 44.3% | 22,000 | 1.8% | 4.3% | $214,000 | 30% | 3.7 | |
| Fort Collins | 980 | 1,455 | 39.7% | 2,300 | 1.7% | 3.7% | $212,900 | 29% | 2.8 | |
| Grand Junction | 1,094 | 1,212 | 59.3% | 2,900 | 4.7% | 3.3% | $183,311 | 32% | 5.0 | |
| Greeley | 1,274 | 1,385 | 31.4% | 2,200 | 2.7% | 4.5% | $158,250 | 24% | 0.1 | |
| Pueblo | 551 | 561 | 39.0% | 1,300 | 2.2% | 5.4% | $98,495 | 21% | 0.4 | |
| Connecticut | ||||||||||
| Bridgeport | 1,313 | 2,214 | 42.0% | 5,900 | 1.4% | 4.1% | $463,902 | 49% | 0.8 | |
| Hartford | 1,707 | 2,397 | 22.2% | 8,900 | 1.6% | 4.6% | $244,887 | 32% | 2.5 | |
| New Haven | 739 | 1,078 | 14.7% | 0 | 0.0% | 4.7% | $261,373 | 35% | 2.3 | |
| Delaware | ||||||||||
| Dover | 1,159 | 1,385 | 63.5% | (500) | (0.8%) | 3.7% | $200,318 | 37% | 6.9 | |
| Wilmington | 1,332 | 2,049 | 31.9% | (800) | (0.2%) | 3.9% | $227,175 | 33% | 5.8 | |
| District of Columbia | ||||||||||
| Washington D.C. | 10,290 | 16,415 | 43.2% | 27,800 | 1.2% | 3.2% | $385,548 | 40% | 6.7 | |
| Florida | ||||||||||
| Daytona Beach | 1,326 | 2,063 | 26.0% | (2,300) | (1.3%) | 5.0% | $161,100 | 32% | 5.2 | |
| Fort Lauderdale | 1,433 | 3,234 | 16.6% | (5,500) | (0.7%) | 4.2% | $277,600 | 43% | 6.0 | |
| Fort Myers | 2,498 | 3,361 | 11.5% | (12,600) | (5.3%) | 6.4% | $193,000 | 32% | 4.3 | |
| Fort Walton Beach | 479 | 560 | 15.1% | (800) | (0.9%) | 3.4% | $199,615 | 31% | 5.1 | |
| Gainesville | 710 | 1,500 | 45.3% | 2,100 | 1.6% | 3.0% | $186,577 | 41% | 5.4 | |
| Jacksonville | 6,380 | 9,171 | 36.6% | (700) | (0.1%) | 4.5% | $175,400 | 29% | 5.4 | |
| Lakeland | 3,330 | 3,958 | 30.0% | (3,800) | (1.7%) | 4.9% | $150,000 | 28% | 5.1 | |
| Melbourne | 1,638 | 2,458 | 24.8% | (1,300) | (0.6%) | 5.1% | $147,000 | 25% | 3.9 | |
| Miami | 2,464 | 6,785 | 26.0% | (3,600) | (0.3%) | 4.7% | $300,000 | 58% | 7.6 | |
| Naples | 839 | 1,510 | 18.5% | (6,300) | (4.6%) | 4.9% | $408,150 | 59% | 6.8 | |
| Ocala | 1,860 | 1,913 | 25.7% | (800) | (0.8%) | 5.9% | $145,000 | 29% | 5.6 | |
| Orlando | 9,294 | 16,303 | 45.1% | 6,200 | 0.6% | 4.4% | $215,000 | 36% | 6.1 | |
| Panama City | 584 | 834 | 15.1% | (300) | (0.4%) | 4.1% | $194,264 | 35% | 5.9 | |
| Pensacola | 1,583 | 2,012 | 31.2% | 1,200 | 0.7% | 4.2% | $153,924 | 27% | 3.3 | |
| Port St. Lucie | 1,599 | 2,016 | 18.7% | (400) | (0.3%) | 5.9% | $169,000 | 29% | 4.6 | |
| Tallahassee | 1,679 | 2,369 | 55.3% | (600) | (0.3%) | 3.3% | $172,161 | 36% | 5.0 | |
| Tampa | 6,835 | 10,015 | 26.4% | (13,800) | (1.1%) | 4.9% | $165,000 | 30% | 5.2 | |
| West Palm Beach | 1,975 | 3,543 | 15.3% | (6,100) | (1.0%) | 4.8% | $260,000 | 38% | 5.2 | |
| Georgia | ||||||||||
| Albany | 391 | 480 | 38.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 5.1% | $94,816 | 22% | 1.8 | |
| Athens | 819 | 893 | 37.9% | 700 | 0.9% | 4.1% | $139,298 | 27% | 0.1 | |
| Atlanta | 24,580 | 35,056 | 47.4% | 28,600 | 1.2% | 4.9% | $165,506 | 22% | 1.3 | |
| Augusta | 2,357 | 2,733 | 49.9% | 700 | 0.3% | 5.0% | $117,387 | 23% | 2.3 | |
| Columbus | 985 | 1,380 | 60.5% | (200) | (0.2%) | 5.1% | $112,010 | 21% | 0.1 | |
| Dalton | 413 | 537 | 48.9% | (1,200) | (1.5%) | 5.6% | $110,374 | 20% | 0.1 | |
| Gainesville | 865 | 874 | 33.3% | 400 | 0.5% | 4.2% | $150,024 | 26% | 2.0 | |
| Macon | 970 | 1,286 | 67.5% | (600) | (0.6%) | 5.3% | $102,801 | 19% | 0.1 | |
| Savannah | 2,153 | 2,971 | 61.1% | 1,000 | 0.6% | 4.4% | $148,156 | 26% | 4.3 | |
| Valdosta | 928 | 1,106 | 75.6% | (400) | (0.7%) | 4.3% | $111,704 | 26% | 2.6 | |
| Warner Robins | 934 | 985 | 46.6% | 700 | 1.2% | 4.2% | $105,426 | 16% | 0.1 | |
| Hawaii | ||||||||||
| Honolulu | 866 | 2,211 | 44.6% | 4,000 | 0.9% | 3.0% | $609,535 | 79% | 5.7 | |
| Idaho | ||||||||||
| Boise City | 3,159 | 4,060 | 35.2% | (200) | (0.1%) | 3.2% | $192,615 | 30% | 5.1 | |
| Coeur D’Alene | 871 | 1,347 | 50.1% | 2,500 | 4.6% | 3.9% | $193,394 | 34% | 5.1 | |
| Illinois | ||||||||||
| Bloomington | 398 | 553 | 32.6% | 300 | 0.3% | 4.0% | $142,473 | 25% | 0.0 | |
| Champaign-Urbana | 521 | 1,082 | 49.7% | (400) | (0.3%) | 4.3% | $140,740 | 28% | 4.4 | |
| Chicago | 10,900 | 23,301 | 53.0% | 8,500 | 0.2% | 5.4% | $240,000 | 39% | 6.1 | |
| Decatur | 137 | 149 | 25.0% | 200 | 0.4% | 5.7% | $74,016 | 16% | 0.2 | |
| Lake-Kenosha | 1,815 | 2,154 | 33.3% | 2,100 | 0.5% | 5.1% | $264,178 | 33% | 4.8 | |
| Peoria | 1,006 | 1,268 | 65.5% | 1,200 | 0.6% | 4.5% | $119,724 | 22% | 5.3 | |
| Rockford | 818 | 1,011 | 38.5% | (1,400) | (0.9%) | 7.2% | $111,441 | 21% | 5.7 | |
| Springfield | 420 | 566 | 36.5% | 0 | 0.0% | 4.5% | $109,112 | 20% | 2.2 | |
| Indiana | ||||||||||
| Bloomington | 436 | 758 | 62.1% | 1,200 | 1.4% | 3.9% | $126,489 | 26% | 0.3 | |
| Elkhart-Goshen | 520 | 593 | 35.8% | (3,000) | (2.3%) | 5.0% | $110,855 | 19% | 0.1 | |
| Evansville | 756 | 1,003 | 46.1% | 3,600 | 2.0% | 4.3% | $96,317 | 19% | 1.8 | |
| Fort Wayne | 912 | 1,035 | 28.1% | (3,200) | (1.5%) | 4.9% | $90,066 | 16% | 0.1 | |
| Gary | 1,930 | 2,751 | 59.5% | 1,000 | 0.4% | 4.7% | $126,081 | 21% | 0.2 | |
| Indianapolis | 6,227 | 7,518 | 43.7% | 8,000 | 0.9% | 4.1% | $115,435 | 18% | 0.1 | |
| Lafayette | 583 | 828 | 45.2% | 100 | 0.1% | 4.1% | $109,894 | 22% | 0.1 | |
| Muncie | 106 | 116 | 20.3% | (500) | (0.9%) | 5.6% | $82,968 | 19% | 0.2 | |
| South Bend | 644 | 1,086 | 54.7% | (100) | (0.1%) | 5.0% | $88,045 | 16% | 0.2 | |
| Terre Haute | 221 | 376 | 54.8% | (900) | (1.2%) | 5.5% | $78,588 | 17% | 0.1 | |
| Iowa | ||||||||||
| Cedar Rapids | 809 | 1,141 | 55.5% | 300 | 0.2% | 3.4% | $136,610 | 24% | 4.4 | |
| Davenport | 622 | 1,036 | 68.1% | 600 | 0.3% | 4.3% | $107,027 | 20% | 3.8 | |
| Des Moines | 2,877 | 3,601 | 57.2% | 3,800 | 1.2% | 3.3% | $152,659 | 23% | 3.2 | |
| Dubuque | 273 | 316 | 36.2% | (300) | (0.5%) | 4.1% | $116,455 | 20% | 0.2 | |
| Iowa City | 645 | 801 | 47.2% | 600 | 0.7% | 2.4% | $153,481 | 27% | 0.1 | |
| Sioux City | 239 | 278 | 23.5% | (1,400) | (1.9%) | 3.3% | $89,210 | 17% | 0.2 | |
| Waterloo | 389 | 422 | 50.2% | 900 | 1.0% | 3.4% | $117,080 | 21% | 6.1 | |
| Kansas | ||||||||||
| Topeka | 629 | 918 | 66.6% | 100 | 0.1% | 4.1% | $115,917 | 21% | 4.6 | |
| Wichita | 2,106 | 2,684 | 58.7% | 3,600 | 1.2% | 3.5% | $113,786 | 19% | 3.0 | |
| Kentucky | ||||||||||
| Bowling Green | 522 | 607 | 43.8% | 900 | 1.4% | 4.5% | $109,275 | 21% | 0.2 | |
| Lexington | 1,818 | 2,342 | 45.7% | (100) | 0.0% | 4.2% | $133,497 | 23% | 0.5 | |
| Louisville | 3,762 | 5,021 | 56.1% | 4,700 | 0.8% | 5.3% | $132,788 | 24% | 1.7 | |
| Louisiana | ||||||||||
| Alexandria | 585 | 593 | 62.4% | (200) | (0.3%) | 3.4% | $94,640 | 25% | 4.1 | |
| Baton Rouge | 3,492 | 5,647 | 62.3% | 1,900 | 0.5% | 3.4% | $169,747 | 34% | 5.5 | |
| Houma | 684 | 702 | 58.8% | 1,000 | 1.1% | 2.5% | $117,879 | 24% | 4.9 | |
| Lafayette | 1,232 | 1,611 | 31.5% | 4,100 | 2.8% | 2.6% | $132,776 | 30% | 5.0 | |
| Lake Charles | 763 | 1,126 | 74.9% | (900) | (1.0%) | 3.4% | $106,947 | 23% | 3.4 | |
| Monroe | 332 | 407 | 33.7% | 400 | 0.5% | 3.9% | $95,359 | 25% | 3.6 | |
| New Orleans | 3,799 | 6,824 | 51.3% | 9,000 | 1.7% | 3.0% | $160,018 | 34% | 5.1 | |
| Shreveport | 1,299 | 1,780 | 58.0% | 3,700 | 2.1% | 4.1% | $138,389 | 34% | 5.5 | |
| Maine | ||||||||||
| Bangor | 433 | 500 | 50.2% | 100 | 0.2% | 4.7% | $127,050 | 27% | 3.4 | |
| Portland | 1,865 | 2,344 | 40.8% | 500 | 0.3% | 3.7% | $237,125 | 37% | 3.8 | |
| Maryland | ||||||||||
| Baltimore | 4,180 | 5,928 | 30.3% | 11,100 | 0.8% | 3.6% | $270,002 | 37% | 8.2 | |
| Bethesda | 2,095 | 3,711 | 30.4% | 600 | 0.1% | 2.6% | $397,500 | 41% | 6.4 | |
| Hagerstown | 1,546 | 1,778 | 43.0% | (200) | (0.2%) | 5.1% | $183,879 | 29% | 2.9 | |
| Salisbury | 382 | 603 | 46.5% | 200 | 0.4% | 4.4% | $161,807 | 31% | 4.3 | |
| Massachusetts | ||||||||||
| Barnstable Town | 645 | 741 | 15.0% | (400) | (0.4%) | 4.5% | $375,500 | 55% | 3.9 | |
| Boston | 1,686 | 4,300 | 40.6% | 20,800 | 1.2% | 3.3% | $397,259 | 54% | 7.2 | |
| Cambridge | 1,621 | 2,798 | 37.4% | 24,400 | 1.0% | 3.6% | $415,844 | 50% | 5.4 | |
| Michigan | ||||||||||
| Ann Arbor | 419 | 494 | 17.0% | (2,000) | (1.0%) | 4.2% | $180,322 | 25% | 0.1 | |
| Battle Creek | 110 | 209 | 33.5% | (1,900) | (3.2%) | 5.9% | $89,862 | 17% | 0.1 | |
| Detroit | 829 | 959 | 15.2% | (31,700) | (4.0%) | 7.9% | $90,172 | 18% | 0.0 | |
| Flint | 272 | 346 | 10.0% | (9,700) | (6.4%) | 9.3% | $96,221 | 19% | 2.4 | |
| Grand Rapids | 1,476 | 1,656 | 32.9% | (500) | (0.1%) | 5.3% | $128,637 | 23% | 2.3 | |
| Holland | 630 | 884 | 32.2% | (1,400) | (1.2%) | 5.2% | $148,395 | 22% | 1.0 | |
| Jackson | 191 | 335 | 33.3% | (900) | (1.5%) | 6.5% | $104,654 | 22% | 4.8 | |
| Kalamazoo | 678 | 1,003 | 40.7% | (600) | (0.4%) | 4.9% | $120,561 | 23% | 2.2 | |
| Lansing | 449 | 600 | 19.0% | (1,200) | (0.5%) | 5.1% | $112,540 | 20% | 0.4 | |
| Muskegon | 245 | 303 | 30.5% | 100 | 0.2% | 6.5% | $97,190 | 21% | 2.1 | |
| Niles | 356 | 382 | 46.8% | 1,900 | 3.0% | 5.9% | $125,491 | 24% | 4.1 | |
| Saginaw | 177 | 230 | 23.7% | (3,400) | (3.8%) | 7.3% | $73,099 | 16% | 0.0 | |
| Warren | 2,312 | 2,719 | 13.7% | (19,200) | (1.6%) | 6.3% | $161,557 | 22% | 0.1 | |
| Minnesota | ||||||||||
| Duluth | 814 | 975 | 56.9% | 1,500 | 1.1% | 5.7% | $116,639 | 22% | 6.5 | |
| Minneapolis | 6,290 | 8,274 | 29.4% | 13,000 | 0.7% | 4.5% | $213,250 | 28% | 3.5 | |
| Rochester | 608 | 678 | 33.6% | 1,700 | 1.6% | 4.2% | $135,574 | 19% | 1.0 | |
| St. Cloud | 598 | 660 | 32.8% | 1,300 | 1.3% | 5.4% | $136,217 | 23% | 2.8 | |
| Mississippi | ||||||||||
| Gulfport-Biloxi | 2,272 | 4,939 | 89.9% | 2,700 | 2.5% | 4.7% | $148,737 | 32% | 5.3 | |
| Hattiesburg | 210 | 803 | 71.0% | 600 | 1.0% | 4.5% | $98,653 | 25% | 1.1 | |
| Jackson | 2,549 | 2,629 | 58.3% | 1,500 | 0.6% | 4.5% | $119,988 | 25% | 0.7 | |
| Pascagoula | 641 | 1,775 | 100.0% | 2,700 | 4.8% | 4.9% | $115,355 | 24% | 5.2 | |
| Missouri | ||||||||||
| Columbia | 804 | 1,021 | 43.7% | 1,300 | 1.4% | 3.3% | $129,868 | 26% | 2.4 | |
| Jefferson City | 217 | 230 | 20.0% | 700 | 0.9% | 3.7% | $109,502 | 20% | 3.1 | |
| Joplin | 281 | 331 | 44.6% | 1,200 | 1.5% | 4.2% | $86,046 | 21% | 2.9 | |
| Kansas City | 4,835 | 7,870 | 42.7% | 6,800 | 0.7% | 4.6% | $147,793 | 23% | 0.8 | |
| Springfield | 1,486 | 3,054 | 59.7% | 3,300 | 1.6% | 3.8% | $124,341 | 28% | 4.1 | |
| St. Joseph | 125 | 147 | 34.3% | 2,000 | 3.4% | 4.1% | $91,561 | 18% | 0.6 | |
| St. Louis | 7,008 | 8,481 | 46.3% | (5,000) | (0.4%) | 5.3% | $176,250 | 31% | 6.0 | |
| Montana | ||||||||||
| Billings | 623 | 648 | 44.2% | 2,300 | 2.9% | 2.9% | $143,236 | 24% | 1.0 | |
| Missoula | 462 | 597 | 53.0% | (200) | (0.3%) | 3.7% | $201,950 | 42% | 5.3 | |
| Nebraska | ||||||||||
| Lincoln | 926 | 1,135 | 41.9% | 2,500 | 1.4% | 2.8% | $137,063 | 22% | 3.2 | |
| Omaha | 3,504 | 4,949 | 74.6% | 5,200 | 1.1% | 3.4% | $136,553 | 22% | 3.4 | |
| Nevada | ||||||||||
| Las Vegas | 9,273 | 20,449 | 52.1% | (3,400) | (0.4%) | 5.5% | $237,500 | 37% | 5.4 | |
| Reno | 1,766 | 1,799 | 28.4% | (1,100) | (0.5%) | 6.0% | $275,000 | 42% | 5.8 | |
| New Hampshire | ||||||||||
| Manchester | 604 | 874 | 12.2% | 1,400 | 1.4% | 3.8% | $202,616 | 23% | 1.6 | |
| New Jersey | ||||||||||
| Atlantic City | 959 | 1,011 | 25.5% | (900) | (0.6%) | 6.1% | $264,980 | 37% | 5.2 | |
| Camden | 2,254 | 3,030 | 35.9% | 8,000 | 1.5% | 4.6% | $225,159 | 26% | 3.3 | |
| Edison | 3,809 | 6,400 | 26.2% | 4,600 | 0.4% | 4.4% | $355,524 | 36% | 5.0 | |
| Newark-Union | 2,675 | 5,219 | 56.6% | (200) | 0.0% | 4.8% | $426,191 | 45% | 4.5 | |
| Trenton | 370 | 780 | 21.4% | 2,400 | 1.0% | 4.3% | $315,513 | 34% | 4.9 | |
| Vineland | 461 | 495 | 60.0% | (800) | (1.3%) | 7.1% | $158,909 | 26% | 3.7 | |
| New Mexico | ||||||||||
| Albuquerque | 3,213 | 4,022 | 45.3% | 2,600 | 0.7% | 3.4% | $201,790 | 37% | 5.1 | |
| Las Cruces | 1,119 | 1,195 | 47.6% | 1,200 | 1.7% | 3.8% | $129,219 | 30% | 3.2 | |
| Santa Fe | 215 | 215 | 16.7% | 600 | 0.9% | 2.8% | $274,264 | 45% | 4.4 | |
| New York | ||||||||||
| Albany | 1,456 | 2,237 | 41.9% | 1,300 | 0.3% | 4.4% | $198,130 | 32% | 4.6 | |
| Binghamton | 277 | 319 | 24.3% | 400 | 0.4% | 4.8% | $113,962 | 21% | 3.2 | |
| Buffalo | 1,322 | 1,577 | 33.9% | 4,200 | 0.8% | 5.4% | $108,230 | 21% | 2.0 | |
| Glens Falls | 427 | 478 | 29.6% | 900 | 1.7% | 5.3% | $154,820 | 31% | 3.8 | |
| Ithaca | 165 | 298 | 45.2% | 400 | 0.6% | 3.2% | $154,982 | 29% | 3.0 | |
| Kingston | 353 | 505 | 35.8% | (100) | (0.2%) | 4.4% | $245,428 | 40% | 4.8 | |
| Nassau | 2,585 | 3,495 | 30.4% | 5,200 | 0.4% | 3.9% | $446,030 | 46% | 7.4 | |
| New York | 2,702 | 37,234 | 89.6% | 48,000 | 0.9% | 4.5% | $516,871 | 79% | 7.1 | |
| Poughkeepsie | 1,183 | 1,787 | 34.7% | 600 | 0.2% | 4.4% | $253,492 | 34% | 3.3 | |
| Rochester | 1,468 | 1,772 | 34.3% | 600 | 0.1% | 5.0% | $118,901 | 20% | 2.9 | |
| Syracuse | 1,153 | 1,390 | 40.5% | 2,300 | 0.7% | 4.8% | $122,791 | 24% | 4.3 | |
| Utica-Rome | 380 | 428 | 32.3% | 500 | 0.4% | 5.1% | $105,461 | 22% | 2.0 | |
| North Carolina | ||||||||||
| Asheville | 2,759 | 2,974 | 68.3% | 4,800 | 2.7% | 4.1% | $182,981 | 41% | 6.3 | |
| Burlington | 1,208 | 1,260 | 62.2% | 500 | 0.8% | 5.4% | $113,675 | 26% | 0.2 | |
| Charlotte | 12,542 | 18,015 | 71.6% | 16,700 | 1.9% | 5.1% | $165,750 | 30% | 5.1 | |
| Durham | 2,614 | 3,183 | 48.9% | 7,900 | 2.8% | 4.1% | $182,595 | 36% | 5.8 | |
| Fayetteville | 1,807 | 2,624 | 60.7% | 1,300 | 1.0% | 5.3% | $107,184 | 24% | 2.6 | |
| Greensboro | 3,249 | 4,457 | 69.5% | 4,400 | 1.2% | 5.3% | $149,992 | 32% | 5.0 | |
| Greenville | 1,199 | 2,167 | 84.1% | 2,500 | 3.3% | 5.7% | $109,613 | 25% | 0.1 | |
| Hickory | 1,354 | 1,391 | 57.2% | 200 | 0.1% | 6.3% | $111,210 | 26% | 3.7 | |
| Raleigh-Cary | 11,190 | 15,115 | 85.3% | 19,800 | 3.9% | 4.0% | $185,500 | 30% | 4.1 | |
| Rocky Mount | 686 | 753 | 73.1% | (300) | (0.5%) | 7.6% | $95,323 | 22% | 0.1 | |
| Wilmington | 4,587 | 5,592 | 60.7% | 2,800 | 1.9% | 4.5% | $212,657 | 45% | 6.6 | |
| Winston-Salem | 2,987 | 3,167 | 71.3% | 2,900 | 1.3% | 4.9% | $126,657 | 27% | 1.8 | |
| North Dakota | ||||||||||
| Bismarck | 713 | 1,049 | 95.8% | 1,300 | 2.2% | 2.9% | $140,164 | 25% | 5.1 | |
| Fargo | 1,101 | 1,832 | 64.9% | 1,900 | 1.6% | 3.1% | $140,604 | 26% | 4.5 | |
| Grand Forks | 271 | 389 | 57.7% | 1,100 | 2.1% | 3.8% | $128,867 | 29% | 5.4 | |
| Ohio | ||||||||||
| Akron | 1,183 | 1,408 | 35.1% | 1,100 | 0.3% | 5.1% | $119,700 | 21% | 2.0 | |
| Canton | 514 | 626 | 40.2% | (600) | (0.3%) | 5.7% | $101,186 | 19% | 0.0 | |
| Cincinnati | 4,470 | 5,824 | 37.4% | 1,000 | 0.1% | 4.6% | $127,500 | 20% | 0.2 | |
| Cleveland | 3,208 | 3,673 | 45.9% | (4,700) | (0.4%) | 6.2% | $118,724 | 20% | 0.0 | |
| Columbus | 3,917 | 6,097 | 35.6% | 7,100 | 0.8% | 4.5% | $139,700 | 23% | 1.9 | |
| Dayton | 1,304 | 1,457 | 35.0% | (3,600) | (0.9%) | 6.2% | $108,062 | 20% | 0.0 | |
| Lima | 114 | 125 | 24.8% | (400) | (0.7%) | 5.9% | $94,044 | 18% | 1.0 | |
| Mansfield | 107 | 172 | 28.6% | (800) | (1.4%) | 6.4% | $95,040 | 20% | 1.5 | |
| Springfield | 130 | 266 | 38.8% | (300) | (0.6%) | 5.5% | $96,995 | 17% | 0.0 | |
| Toledo | 1,140 | 1,917 | 46.4% | (3,800) | (1.2%) | 6.4% | $105,768 | 19% | 0.2 | |
| Youngstown | 549 | 763 | 40.2% | (1,200) | (0.5%) | 6.0% | $72,014 | 14% | 0.0 | |
| Oklahoma | ||||||||||
| Oklahoma City | 4,957 | 5,756 | 26.6% | 8,800 | 1.6% | 2.9% | $135,689 | 25% | 5.3 | |
| Tulsa | 4,054 | 4,844 | 39.7% | 1,300 | 0.3% | 2.9% | $122,759 | 23% | 2.7 | |
| Oregon | ||||||||||
| Bend | 1,191 | 1,358 | 30.4% | 1,400 | 2.0% | 6.8% | $256,152 | 43% | 7.1 | |
| Eugene | 920 | 1,221 | 44.1% | 200 | 0.1% | 5.4% | $232,394 | 45% | 7.4 | |
| Medford | 753 | 780 | 36.5% | 300 | 0.4% | 7.1% | $217,406 | 45% | 5.9 | |
| Portland | 6,704 | 10,353 | 52.3% | 13,800 | 1.3% | 5.0% | $268,000 | 41% | 7.8 | |
| Salem | 1,140 | 1,610 | 47.7% | 700 | 0.5% | 5.7% | $195,000 | 33% | 6.1 | |
| Pennsylvania | ||||||||||
| Allentown | 2,343 | 2,501 | 46.3% | 400 | 0.1% | 5.1% | $240,466 | 36% | 5.9 | |
| Altoona | 124 | 278 | 56.0% | 400 | 0.6% | 4.6% | $95,972 | 17% | 0.2 | |
| Erie | 435 | 638 | 62.7% | 1,000 | 0.7% | 5.2% | $98,355 | 20% | 0.9 | |
| Harrisburg | 2,077 | 2,204 | 59.2% | 3,100 | 0.9% | 3.9% | $151,185 | 22% | 2.5 | |
| Johnstown | 134 | 150 | 40.2% | (200) | (0.3%) | 5.5% | $83,397 | 20% | 2.6 | |
| Lancaster | 1,324 | 1,697 | 47.0% | 2,300 | 1.0% | 3.6% | $170,803 | 26% | 2.9 | |
| Philadelphia | 5,166 | 7,639 | 42.9% | 3,700 | 0.2% | 4.7% | $226,433 | 32% | 5.1 | |
| Pittsburgh | 3,599 | 4,162 | 58.8% | 8,900 | 0.8% | 4.5% | $121,407 | 22% | 1.0 | |
| Reading | 866 | 1,088 | 49.8% | (1,500) | (0.9%) | 4.7% | $154,967 | 25% | 4.8 | |
| Scranton | 1,166 | 1,291 | 59.3% | 100 | 0.0% | 5.6% | $127,087 | 24% | 3.2 | |
| State College | 472 | 626 | 56.8% | 1,000 | 1.3% | 3.6% | $163,831 | 31% | 3.3 | |
| Williamsport | 169 | 178 | 33.5% | (300) | (0.6%) | 5.4% | $112,290 | 23% | 2.1 | |
| York | 1,621 | 1,710 | 54.3% | 1,400 | 0.8% | 4.1% | $170,442 | 25% | 3.2 | |
| Rhode Island | ||||||||||
| Providence | 1,939 | 2,377 | 20.2% | (9,800) | (1.7%) | 6.0% | $262,134 | 41% | 4.0 | |
| South Carolina | ||||||||||
| Anderson | 928 | 1,054 | 54.6% | (300) | (0.5%) | 5.4% | $102,985 | 22% | 0.9 | |
| Charleston | 5,171 | 6,341 | 58.6% | 1,100 | 0.4% | 4.3% | $200,100 | 41% | 5.7 | |
| Columbia | 4,838 | 5,710 | 70.3% | 6,700 | 1.8% | 4.6% | $149,700 | 28% | 5.7 | |
| Florence | 695 | 984 | 75.0% | 1,800 | 2.0% | 6.3% | $97,527 | 22% | 1.2 | |
| Greenville | 3,633 | 5,046 | 89.7% | 9,900 | 3.1% | 4.6% | $146,750 | 32% | 6.2 | |
| Myrtle Beach | 2,999 | 4,148 | 35.1% | 2,100 | 1.6% | 5.3% | $195,460 | 44% | 6.0 | |
| Spartanburg | 1,394 | 1,394 | 50.5% | 1,000 | 0.8% | 5.7% | $123,981 | 28% | 5.7 | |
| South Dakota | ||||||||||
| Rapid City | 597 | 917 | 66.7% | 600 | 1.0% | 2.5% | $124,345 | 22% | 2.7 | |
| Sioux Falls | 1,301 | 2,056 | 81.6% | 2,800 | 2.1% | 2.3% | $145,550 | 21% | 0.2 | |
| Tennessee | ||||||||||
| Chattanooga | 1,751 | 2,377 | 62.1% | 600 | 0.2% | 4.5% | $121,044 | 24% | 0.1 | |
| Clarksville | 1,338 | 1,982 | 57.9% | 900 | 1.1% | 5.6% | $103,997 | 20% | 0.6 | |
| Jackson | 406 | 412 | 36.9% | 800 | 1.3% | 5.3% | $91,395 | 22% | 0.2 | |
| Johnson City | 845 | 1,314 | 91.3% | 700 | 0.9% | 4.8% | $114,972 | 29% | 2.0 | |
| Kingsport | 960 | 1,164 | 75.8% | 400 | 0.3% | 4.5% | $111,990 | 26% | 0.9 | |
| Knoxville | 3,462 | 4,424 | 68.6% | 2,100 | 0.6% | 4.1% | $153,849 | 30% | 3.6 | |
| Memphis | 4,533 | 5,935 | 53.7% | 100 | 0.0% | 5.5% | $123,752 | 25% | 0.0 | |
| Nashville | 8,829 | 11,173 | 60.8% | 11,000 | 1.5% | 4.3% | $159,998 | 28% | 5.2 | |
| Texas | ||||||||||
| Abilene | 249 | 263 | 12.3% | 1,600 | 2.5% | 3.2% | $107,600 | 22% | 5.0 | |
| Amarillo | 592 | 1,288 | 34.7% | 400 | 0.4% | 2.8% | $124,900 | 25% | 5.1 | |
| Austin | 10,908 | 19,503 | 73.5% | 20,100 | 2.7% | 3.3% | $186,900 | 30% | 5.0 | |
| Beaumont | 1,017 | 2,401 | 96.5% | 300 | 0.2% | 5.0% | $126,700 | 26% | 5.4 | |
| Brownsville | 1,534 | 1,873 | 47.8% | 700 | 0.6% | 5.4% | $88,800 | 26% | 4.4 | |
| College Station | 880 | 1,572 | 44.3% | 2,800 | 3.1% | 3.1% | $143,200 | 32% | 4.1 | |
| Corpus Christi | 1,604 | 2,169 | 35.3% | 2,300 | 1.3% | 3.8% | $150,600 | 34% | 6.2 | |
| Dallas | 16,632 | 31,364 | 42.4% | 47,400 | 2.3% | 4.0% | $161,300 | 25% | 4.1 | |
| El Paso | 3,117 | 3,986 | 61.6% | 7,300 | 2.7% | 5.0% | $126,700 | 30% | 4.5 | |
| Fort Worth | 8,928 | 13,213 | 34.3% | 19,400 | 2.2% | 3.8% | $112,600 | 18% | 3.2 | |
| Houston | 36,631 | 57,362 | 76.4% | 71,100 | 2.8% | 3.8% | $150,300 | 25% | 5.0 | |
| Killeen | 2,384 | 3,349 | 73.2% | 2,500 | 2.1% | 4.0% | $118,619 | 24% | 4.8 | |
| Laredo | 1,082 | 1,270 | 53.0% | 2,800 | 3.3% | 4.6% | $97,149 | 26% | 1.0 | |
| Longview | 301 | 370 | 23.3% | 2,700 | 2.8% | 3.3% | $125,700 | 26% | 5.2 | |
| Lubbock | 878 | 1,703 | 40.8% | 1,600 | 1.3% | 3.0% | $108,400 | 25% | 4.3 | |
| McAllen | 4,346 | 5,596 | 60.1% | 5,300 | 2.5% | 5.7% | $100,500 | 27% | 1.4 | |
| Midland | 528 | 528 | 13.6% | 1,600 | 2.4% | 2.4% | $126,399 | 22% | 5.1 | |
| Odessa | 249 | 473 | 22.4% | 2,600 | 4.4% | 2.8% | $145,100 | 30% | 5.6 | |
| San Antonio | 7,757 | 11,617 | 52.1% | 19,200 | 2.3% | 3.6% | $152,500 | 29% | 5.3 | |
| Texarkana | 206 | 411 | 48.6% | 1,200 | 2.1% | 3.9% | $81,335 | 17% | 0.2 | |
| Tyler | 315 | 407 | 13.8% | 1,100 | 1.2% | 4.0% | $135,500 | 26% | 4.7 | |
| Waco | 781 | 1,018 | 34.1% | 2,700 | 2.5% | 3.5% | $111,200 | 26% | 2.8 | |
| Wichita Falls | 187 | 673 | 75.1% | 1,200 | 1.9% | 3.5% | $99,600 | 23% | 5.3 | |
| Utah | ||||||||||
| Ogden-Clearfield | 2,328 | 2,728 | 53.1% | 3,400 | 1.7% | 3.0% | $173,572 | 25% | 3.3 | |
| Provo-Orem | 2,913 | 3,551 | 54.1% | 3,100 | 1.6% | 2.8% | $200,338 | 32% | 3.9 | |
| Salt Lake City | 3,402 | 5,625 | 45.3% | 13,900 | 2.2% | 2.9% | $223,335 | 33% | 5.3 | |
| St. George | 1,356 | 1,468 | 38.1% | 1,100 | 2.1% | 3.5% | $207,563 | 38% | 4.2 | |
| Virginia | ||||||||||
| Charlottesville | 998 | 1,097 | 41.6% | 800 | 0.8% | 2.7% | $238,454 | 36% | 5.0 | |
| Harrisonburg | 814 | 1,306 | 100.0% | 1,000 | 1.6% | 2.9% | $183,299 | 33% | 4.2 | |
| Lynchburg | 1,276 | 1,567 | 85.1% | 2,300 | 2.1% | 3.4% | $142,246 | 28% | 2.8 | |
| Richmond | 5,304 | 6,688 | 58.6% | 6,100 | 1.0% | 3.5% | $223,000 | 35% | 5.4 | |
| Roanoke | 943 | 1,027 | 53.2% | 1,000 | 0.6% | 3.3% | $144,939 | 26% | 2.1 | |
| Virginia Beach | 4,300 | 5,492 | 23.2% | 8,200 | 1.1% | 3.5% | $230,599 | 38% | 6.4 | |
| Winchester | 655 | 705 | 39.5% | 1,000 | 1.7% | 3.7% | $190,792 | 31% | 2.5 | |
| Washington | ||||||||||
| Bellingham | 700 | 962 | 37.6% | 2,600 | 3.1% | 4.5% | $260,835 | 46% | 5.9 | |
| Bremerton | 1,020 | 1,181 | 45.7% | 600 | 0.7% | 4.8% | $277,475 | 39% | 6.4 | |
| Kennewick | 1,181 | 1,195 | 36.6% | 3,900 | 4.3% | 5.0% | $171,837 | 27% | 5.0 | |
| Olympia | 1,625 | 1,990 | 60.6% | 2,900 | 2.9% | 4.8% | $249,694 | 34% | 6.7 | |
| Seattle | 7,590 | 18,872 | 68.2% | 27,600 | 1.9% | 3.2% | $415,000 | 49% | 7.6 | |
| Spokane | 1,784 | 2,271 | 51.7% | 800 | 0.4% | 5.1% | $175,000 | 31% | 5.7 | |
| Tacoma | 2,814 | 4,074 | 59.7% | 6,200 | 2.2% | 5.3% | $265,000 | 37% | 6.4 | |
| Yakima | 831 | 965 | 78.8% | 900 | 1.2% | 7.0% | $173,078 | 33% | 5.4 | |
| West Virginia | ||||||||||
| Charleston | 420 | 448 | 53.0% | 1,500 | 1.0% | 4.4% | $126,973 | 26% | 2.5 | |
| Huntington | 242 | 342 | 54.0% | 600 | 0.5% | 4.8% | $89,340 | 20% | 0.1 | |
| Morgantown | 29 | 229 | 100.0% | 1,100 | 1.8% | 3.5% | $129,564 | 27% | 0.2 | |
| Parkersburg | 205 | 221 | 50.5% | 400 | 0.5% | 5.1% | $90,746 | 18% | 0.1 | |
| Wheeling | 43 | 137 | 46.9% | 100 | 0.1% | 5.2% | $80,559 | 17% | 0.2 | |
| Wisconsin | ||||||||||
| Appleton | 597 | 764 | 35.1% | 400 | 0.3% | 4.3% | $131,592 | 19% | 3.1 | |
| Eau Claire | 460 | 615 | 43.2% | 100 | 0.1% | 4.3% | $120,851 | 21% | 2.2 | |
| Green Bay | 1,311 | 1,681 | 54.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 4.3% | $151,900 | 23% | 2.7 | |
| Janesville | 407 | 484 | 37.8% | (700) | (1.0%) | 5.0% | $124,896 | 21% | 4.8 | |
| La Crosse | 403 | 525 | 61.9% | (500) | (0.7%) | 3.6% | $125,898 | 22% | 2.8 | |
| Madison | 1,286 | 2,390 | 39.1% | 1,500 | 0.4% | 3.2% | $224,105 | 31% | 4.9 | |
| Milwaukee | 1,861 | 3,026 | 35.3% | (3,700) | (0.4%) | 4.3% | $222,322 | 34% | 5.7 | |
| Oshkosh-Neenah | 424 | 586 | 40.1% | (100) | (0.1%) | 4.0% | $122,579 | 19% | 0.7 | |
| Racine | 396 | 502 | 39.3% | (200) | (0.3%) | 5.3% | $152,119 | 23% | 4.8 | |
| Sheboygan | 166 | 356 | 48.6% | 100 | 0.2% | 3.8% | $135,351 | 23% | 4.9 | |
| Wausau | 320 | 611 | 43.8% | (400) | (0.6%) | 4.3% | $123,853 | 19% | 1.2 | |
| Wyoming | ||||||||||
| Cheyenne | 261 | 263 | 30.0% | 1,200 | 2.8% | 3.3% | $136,712 | 21% | 0.1 | |